CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS

AUTISM

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development. These disorders are characterized, in varying degrees, by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors.
Parents usually notice signs in the first two years of their child’s life.  These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace and then regress people with ASD often have these characteristics:

• Ongoing social problems that include difficulty communicating and interacting with others
• Repetitive behaviors as well as limited interests or activities
• Symptoms that typically are recognized in the first two years of life
• Symptoms that hurt the individual’s ability to function socially, at school or work, or other areas of life

CAUSES

• There is no known single cause for autism spectrum disorder, but it is generally accepted that it is caused by abnormalities in brain structure or function.
• Brain scans show differences in the shape and structure of the brain in children with autism compared to in neurotypical children.
• In the presence of a genetic predisposition to autism, a number of nongenetic, or “environmental,” stresses appear to further increase a child’s risk.
• The clearest evidence of these autism risk factors involves events before and during birth.
• They include advanced parental age at time of conception (both mom and dad),
• Maternal illness during pregnancy and certain difficulties during birth, particularly those involving periods of oxygen deprivation to the baby’s brain.
• It is important to keep in mind that these factors, by themselves, do not cause autism. Rather, in combination with genetic risk factors, they appear to modestly increase risk.
• Researchers do not know the exact cause of autism but are investigating a number of theories, including the links among heredity, genetics and medical problems.
• Other researchers are investigating the possibility that under certain conditions, a cluster of unstable genes may interfere with brain development, resulting in autism.
• Genetic : The condition occurs more in siblings of autistic children, and in twins. Chromosomal factors include the fragile X syndrome.
•  Neurochemistry – serotonin and catecholamines are involved.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Parents or doctors may first identify ASD behaviors in infants and toddlers. School staff may recognize these behaviors in older children.
• Not all people with ASD will show all of these behaviors, but most will show several.
• There are two main types of behaviors: “restricted / repetitive behaviors” and “social communication / interaction behaviors.”
• Repeating certain behaviors or having unusual behaviors
• Having overly focused interests, such as with moving objects or parts of objects
• Having a lasting, intense interest in certain topics, such as numbers, details, or facts.
• Social communication OR interaction behaviors may include:
• Getting upset by a slight change in a routine or being placed in a new or overly stimulating setting
• Making little or inconsistent eye contact
• Rarely sharing enjoyment of objects or activities by pointing or showing things to others
• Responding in an unusual way when others show anger, distress, or affection
• Failing to, or being slow to, respond to someone calling their name or other verbal attempts to gain attention
• Often talking at length about a favorite subject without noticing that others are not interested or without giving others a chance to respond
• Repeating words or phrases that they hear, a behavior called echolalia
• Having facial expressions, movements, and gestures that do not match what is being said
• Having an unusual tone of voice that may sound sing-song or flat and robot-like
• Having trouble understanding another person’s point of view or being unable to predict or understand other people’s actions.
• People with ASD may have other difficulties, such as being very sensitive to light, noise, clothing, or temperature. They may also experience sleep problems, digestion problems, and irritability.

ASD is unique in that it is common for people with ASD to have many strengths and abilities in addition to challenges.

• Strengths and abilities may include:
• Having above-average intelligence –  ASD children have above average intelligence
• Being able to learn things in detail and remember information for long periods of time
• Being strong visual and auditory learners
• Exceling in math, science, music, or art.

SOCIAL SKILLS – SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Very little or no eye contact.
• Resistance to being held or touched.
• Tends to get too close when speaking to someone (lack of personal space).
• Responds to social interactions, but does not initiate them.
• Does not generally share observations or experiences with others.
• Difficulty understanding jokes, figures of speech or sarcasm.
• Difficulty reading facial expressions and body language.
• Difficulty understanding the rules of conversation.
• Difficulty understanding group interactions.
• Seems unable to understand another’s feelings.
• Prefers to be alone, aloft.
• Unaware of/disinterested in what is going on around them.
• Talks excessively about one or two topics.
• Minimal acknowledgement of others.

LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT – SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Abnormal use of pitch, intonation, rhythm or stress while speaking.
• Speech is abnormally loud or quiet.
• Difficulty whispering.
• Repeats last words or phrases several times.  Makes verbal sounds while listening (echolalia).
• Often uses short, incomplete sentences.
• Speech started very early and then stopped for a period of time.
• Difficulty understanding directional terms (front, back, before, after).

BEHAVIOUR – SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Obsessions with objects, ideas or desires.
• Ritualistic or compulsive behaviour patterns (sniffing, licking, watching objects fall, flapping arms, spinning, rocking, humming, tapping, sucking, rubbing clothes).
• Fascination with rotation.
• Play is often repetitive.
• Unusual attachment to objects.
• Perfectionism in certain areas.
• Inability to perceive potentially dangerous situations.

EMOTIONS – SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Sensitivity or lack of sensitivity to sounds, textures (touch), tastes, smells or light.
• Difficulty with loud or sudden sounds.
• Resists change in the environment (people, places, objects).
• Calmed by external stimulation – soothing sound, brushing, rotating object, constant pressure.

LEARNING DEVELOPMENT – SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Exceptionally high skills in some areas and very low in others.
• Excellent rote memory in some areas.
• Difficulty with reading comprehension (can quote an answer, but unable to predict, summarize or find symbolism).
• Difficulty with fine motor activities (colouring, printing, scissors, gluing).
• Short attention span for most lessons.
• Resistance or inability to follow directions.
• Difficulty transitioning from one activity to another in school.

LOCOMOTOR SKILLS – SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

• Walks on toes.
• Unusual gait.
• Difficulty changing from one floor surface to another (carpet to wood, sidewalk to grass).
• Difficulty moving through a space (bumps into objects or people).
• Gross motor skills are developmentally behind peers (riding a bike, skating, running).
• Fine motor skills are developmentally behind peers (hand writing, tying shoes, scissors).

WHEN SHOULD YOU GET YOUR CHILD EVALUATED FOR AUTISM OR ASD?

• If your child has any of these delays or behaviour, consult your paediatrician asap:
• No babbling by 9 months
• No pointing or gestures by 12 months
• Not responding to their name by 12 months of age
• No single words by 16 months
• Lack of pretend play by 18 months
• No two-word phrases by 24 months
• Any loss of language or social skills at any age
• Your infant or child resists cuddling and doesn’t respond to his or her environment or to other people
• Your child bangs his or her head or demonstrates self-injurious behaviour or aggression on a regular basis
• Your child demonstrates unusually repetitive behaviour, such as repeatedly opening and closing doors or turning a toy car upside down and repeatedly spinning its wheels

DIAGNOSIS

At first glance, some people with autism may appear to have an intellectual disability, sensory processing issues, or problems with hearing or vision. To complicate matters further, these conditions can co-occur with autism. However, it is important to distinguish autism from other conditions, as an accurate and early autism diagnosis can provide the basis for an appropriate educational and treatment program.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT

Homeopathy is a safe and gentle system of healing, that works with your body to relieve symptoms, restore itself, and improve your overall health. which tries to identify the root cause of any problem by taking a detail case history, which includes the current complaints of the patient, his/he past medical history, family history, nature and disposition of the patient and many other finer factors.

Full case history of your child. This will include your child’s current medical complaints, their onset, modalities, past medical history, mother’s history during pregnancy, family history, exploration of any stress points or causes for current illness, and a detail assessment of your child’s mental and emotional makeup. After this exhaustive case history and analysis, the homeopath identifies a homeopathic medicine that covers your child’s symptoms and condition the best. Such a remedy, when well selected, can bring significant changes in many difficult and inveterate cases.

ATTACHMENT DISORDER

Attachment is the deep connection established between a child and caregiver that profoundly affects your child’s development and ability to express emotions and develop relationships. Attachment disorder is a broad term intended to describe disorders of mood, behavior, and social relationships arising from a failure to form normal attachments to primary care giving figures in early childhood. Emotional and behavioral problems of young children, and also applied to school-age children, teenagers and adults. Attachment disorder  can affect every aspect of a child’s life and development. There are two types : inhibited and disinhibited.

INHIBITED ATTACHMENT DISORDER

Detached Unresponsive or resistant to comforting Excessively inhibited (holding back emotions) Withdrawn or a mixture of approach and avoidance

DISINHIBITED ATTACHMENT DISORDER 

Indiscriminate sociability Inappropriately familiar or selective in the choice of attachment figures

SYMPTOMS

Lack of eye contact, Cries inconsolably, Doesn’t smile Doesn’t reach out to be picked up Rejects your efforts to calm, soothe, and connect Indiscriminately affectionate with strangers Not affectionate on parents’ terms, Destructive to self, others and material things  Cruelty to animals, Stealing, hyperactive, Learning Lags, Lack of cause-and-effect thinking, Lack of conscience Poor peer relationships, Persistent nonsense questions & chatter, Abnormal speech patterns,

CAUSES

Unwanted pregnancy Abuse (physical, emotional, sexual) Neglect (not answering the baby’s cries for help) Separation from primary caregiver, On-going pain such as colic, hernia or many ear infections, Changing day cares or using providers who don’t do bonding Mother with chronic depression Several moves or placements, Caring for baby on a timed schedule or other self-centered parenting

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT.

Homeopathy will help in early physical and emotional nourishment of a child and make the young child feel content, happy and secure. The homeopathic understanding of health is intimately connected to its understanding of the mind in general. Homeopaths don’t separate the mind and body in the usual way; they generally assume that body and mind are dynamically interconnected and that both directly influence each other. Homoeopathic remedies will help the child to be overcome these emotional disturbances.

ADHD

• This disorder is characterised by a persistent pattern of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity.
• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development.
• Inattention means a person wanders off task, lacks persistence, has difficulty sustaining focus, and is disorganized; and these problems are not due to defiance or lack of comprehension.
• Hyperactivity means a person seems to move about constantly, including situations in which it is not appropriate when it is not appropriate,
• Impulsivity means a person makes hasty actions that occur in the moment without first thinking about them and that may have high potential for harm
• An impulsive person may be socially intrusive and excessively interrupt others or make important decisions without considering the long-term consequences.
• Associated features : These children typically show low frustration tolerance, temper outbursts, bossiness, low self esteem, demoralisation. They often have strife-ridden relationships with family members. ADHD has also been found to be associated with mood disorders, learning and communication disorders.
• In most individuals, symptoms attenuate during late adolescence and adulthood. In a minority, they may continue into adulthood.
• The condition is seen in 3-5% of school-age children. It is more common in boys

CAUSES OF ADHD

• Premature delivery
• Low birth weight
• Environmental factors – social disadvantage, large family size, overcrowding, etc.
• Dopamine deficiency
•  Dysregulation of attention
•  Food additives
• Brain changes. Areas of the brain that control attention are less active in children with ADHD.
• Poor nutrition, infections, smoking, drinking, and substance abuse during pregnancy. These things can affect a baby’s braindevelopment.
• Toxins, such as lead. They may affect a child’s brain development.
• A brain injury or a brain disorder. Damage to the front of the brain, called the frontal lobe, can cause problems with controlling impulses and emotions.

ADHD PREDOMINANTLY INATTENTIVE PRESENTATION

• Fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes
• Has difficulty sustaining attention
• Does not appear to listen
• Struggles to follow through with instructions
• Has difficulty with organization
• Avoids or dislikes tasks requiring sustained mental effort
• Loses things
• Is easily distracted
• Is forgetful in daily activities

 ADHD PREDOMINANTLY HYPERACTIVE-IMPULSIVE PRESENTATION

• Fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in chair
• Has difficulty remaining seated
• Runs about or climbs excessively in children; extreme restlessness in adults
• Difficulty engaging in activities quietly
• Acts as if driven by a motor; adults will often feel inside as if they are driven by a motor
• Talks excessively
• Blurts out answers before questions have been completed
• Difficulty waiting or taking turns Interrupts or intrudes upon others

 ADHD COMBINED PRESENTATION

• The individual meets the criteria for both inattention and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD presentations.
• These symptoms can change over time, so children may fit different presentations as they get older.

TREATMENT

• Special education helps a child learn at school. Having structure and a routine can help children with ADHD.
• Behavior modification teaches ways to replace bad behaviors with good ones.
• Psychotherapy (counseling) can help someone with ADHD learn better ways to handle their emotions and frustration. It can also help improve their self-esteem. Counseling may also help family members better understand the child or adult with ADHD.
• Social skills training can teach behaviors, such as taking turns and sharing.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT

Homeopathy seeks to treat each child as an individual. Each child is assessed as the unique person they are. The remedy must reflect everything about the child. A detailed history is fundamental to the correct choice of remedy. The homeopath will ask about the health of the child and the family, the pregnancy and delivery, early development, vaccinations, life events, schooling, favourite foods, drinks to mention just a few points. The more information gathered, the easier it is to find that tailor-made remedy. Using homeopathy, the adverse effects of vaccines can be overcome, whilst retaining the protection from the infectious disease. Homeopathy considers every factor, from the genetic component to specific possible causes. The aim of treatment is to stimulate healing at the deepest level, and to allow a gentle return to health Homeopathy considers every factor, from the genetic component to specific possible causes. The aim of treatment is to stimulate healing at the deepest level, and to allow a gentle return to health.

CONDUCT DISORDER

Conduct disorder is defined as persistent antisocial behaviour of children and adolescents that significantly impairs their ability to function in the social, academic or occupational area. Youngsters with the disorder repeatedly violate the age-appropriate rules of society, displaying a lack of concern for the rights and feelings of others.

CLINICAL FEATURES

There is evidence for two clusters of symptoms in conduct disorder, aggressiveness and delinquency. Aggression may be directed towards people (e.g. peers) or animals (cruelty towards animals) or objects (destruction of property). Delinquencies, on the other hand, includes antisocial behaviours, such as lying, stealing, running away and truancy that do not primarily involve physical attack on others. The onset of these symptoms may be preceded by the presence of a difficult temperament and high level of physical aggression in preschool years.

Aggressive behavior: These are behaviors that threaten or cause physical harm and may include fighting, bullying, being cruel to others or animals, using weapons, and forcing another into sexual activity.

Destructive behavior: This involves intentional destruction of property such as arson (deliberate fire-setting) and vandalism (harming another person’s property).

Deceitful behavior: This may include repeated lying, shoplifting, or breaking into homes or cars in order to steal.

Violation of rules: This involves going against accepted rules of society or engaging in behavior that is not appropriate for the person’s age. These behaviors may include running away, skipping school, playing pranks.

Many children with conduct disorder are irritable, have low self-esteem, and tend to throw frequent temper tantrums. Some may abuse drugs and alcohol. Children with conduct disorder often are unable to appreciate how their behavior can hurt others and generally have little guilt or remorse about hurting others.

CAUSES CONDUCT DISORDER?

Biological: Some studies suggest that defects or injuries to certain areas of the brain can lead to behavior disorders

Environmental: Factors such as a dysfunctional family life, childhood abuse, traumatic experiences, a family history of substance abuse, and inconsistent discipline by parents may contribute to the development of conduct disorder.

Psychological: Some experts believe that conduct disorders can reflect problems with moral awareness (notably, lack of guilt and remorse) and deficits in cognitive processing.

Social: Low socioeconomic status and not being accepted by their peers appear to be risk factors for the development of conduct disorder

Treatment
Many different nonpharmacological treatments have been used in the management of conduct disorder. These include individual therapy based on alliance building and behavioural principles. Family therapy designed to improve communication among family members and to elicit underlying conflicts is somewhat effective. Correctional schools can address the educational needs of juvenile delinquents.

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT.

homoeopathic medicines have the power of controlling these behaviours which otherwise remains a serious concern for the parents. Full case history of your child. This will include your child’s current medical complaints, their onset, modalities, past medical history, mother’s history during pregnancy, family history, exploration of any stress points or causes for current illness, and a detail assessment of your child’s mental and emotional makeup. After this exhaustive case history and analysis, the homeopath identifies a homeopathic medicine that covers your child’s symptoms and condition the best. Such a remedy, when well selected, can bring significant changes in many difficult and inveterate cases.

MOOD DISORDER

depression has a component replete with feelings of hopelessness and helplessness about future, an individual can become depressed only after achieving the ability to string together hypothetical thoughts about future.

Major depression can be a long-lasting and disabling condition that affects most aspects of a person’s life. It has distinct emotional, mental, and physical symptoms, like feeling sad, hopeless or guilty for more than two weeks, or having problems sleeping or eating.

Clinical Features
Depressive symptoms vary according to the age and developmental level. Spitz described the anaclitic depression of infancy. Separation from a primary caregiver after 6 to 7 months of age leads to a sequence of behaviours. The first phase of this sequence is labeled as protest (crying, searching, hypermotility of arms and legs, etc). This is followed by the infants close strutiny of each approaching adult, looking for the caregiver. The final phase involves apathy in which infant becomes apathetic and hypotonic, exhibiting and obviously sad facial expression. Depressed school aged children present with sad facial expressions, easy tears, irritability, social withdrawal, vegetative symptoms, anxiety and behavioural disturbances. Delusions are uncommon in depressed prepubertal children.

What causes mood problems?
Symptoms of depression in children and adolescents can be related to a number of things. It can be triggered by a sad or painful event like a death in the family.
It can develop in children who observe constant fighting between their parents.
It can also result from the child experiencing parental neglect or abuse.
They happen because chemicals in the brain that help regulate mood are not working properly.
Sometimes, when children are under stress early in life, their bodies change in a way that can make them react badly to stress for the rest of their life. As a result, they develop problems with depression and/or anxiety that can be lifelong.
Treatment of depression in children and adolescents can consist of either behavioural therapy or drug therapy.
The first line of treatment is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT).

Criteria for access depression
Depressed most of the day, nearly every day, as indicated by either subjective report
Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day.
Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain or decrease or increase in
appetite nearly every day. Note: In children, consider failure to make expected weight gains.
Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day.
Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of restlessness or being slowed down).
Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.
Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt (which may be delusional) nearly every day (not merely self-reproach or guilt about being sick).
Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day (either by subjective account or as observed by others).
Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying), recurrent suicidal
ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide.

Homoeopathic treatment
Homeopathy offers very good treatment possibilities for depression with good results. There are large number of medicines which can be used and the selection of medicine depends not just on the symptoms but also on the cause. Homeopathy offers very good treatment possibilities for depression with good results. There are large number of medicines which can be used and the selection of medicine depends not just on the symptoms but also on the cause.

ANXIETY DISORDERS

Anxiety disorders are characterized by pathologic anxiety in which anxiety becomes disabling, interfering with social interactions, development, and achievement of goals or quality of life, and can lead to low self-esteem, social withdrawal, and academic underachievement
Separation anxiety disorder ( SAD ),
childhood-onset social phobia or social anxiety disorder,
generalized anxiety disorder( GAD ),
obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD ),
phobias,
posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ),
panic disorder

ANXIETY DISORDERS – CRITERIA FOR DIAGNOSIS

Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for ≥ 6 month, about numerous events or activities
The person finds it difficult to control the worry
Restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge
Being easily fatigued
Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
Irritability
Muscle tension
Sleep disturbance (difficulty falling or staying asleep or restless, unsatisfying sleep)

BIPOLAR DISORDER

Bipolar illness is defined as either alternating depression and mania or as mania alone. characterized by extreme and intense swing in one’s behavior and moods like changes of mood from excessive joy or hilarity (manic) to extreme or deepest sadness or despondency (depression)
Manic episodes are characterized by excessive activity, euphoria and elation of mood, increased attempts to socialize with peers, excessive speech which is full of boastful or grandiose content, excessive spending and sexually inappropriate behaviour like masturbating in front of others.
The illness typically presents in the second and the third decade of life. However, there are descriptions of cases beginning before puberty.

SYMPTOMS OF BIPOLAR DISORDER

Children and teens having a manic episode may:

• Feel very happy or act silly in a way that’s unusual for them and for other people their age
• Have a very short temper
• Talk really fast about a lot of different things
• Have trouble sleeping but not feel tired
• Have trouble staying focused
• Talk and think about sex more often
• Do risky things

CHILDREN AND TEENS HAVING A DEPRESSIVE EPISODE MAY:

• Feel very sad
• Complain about pain a lot, such as stomachaches and headaches
• Sleep too little or too much
• Feel guilty and worthless
• Eat too little or too much
• Have little energy and no interest in fun activities
• Think about death or suicide

HOMEOPATHIC TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC BIPOLAR DISORDER

Children respond to homeopathic treatment exceptionally well–indeed in an almost inspirational kind of way. Bipolar Disorder tends to respond well to homeopathic treatment. In the field of homeopathy, straightforwardness of the case taking process translates into better prescriptions and better outcomes. Specific medicines are chosen based on an individual’s particular or unique experience of a disease process. Good results are intimately tied to accurate prescriptions based on discovering these particulars. Homeopathy has a very effective cure for Bipolar Disorder and Homeopathic medicines, made from natural substances with zero side effects, are of great help in the treatment of this psychiatric mood disorder.

EPILEPSY

Epilepsy is a state of recurrent and usually unprovoked seizures. An epileptic seizure is a clinical manifestation of abnormal and excessive discharges of a set of neurones in the brain. Seizures with a psychogenic basis were called hysterical or pseudoseizures. Now they come under the category non epileptic seizures. A convulsion is a seizure with tonic or clonic motor activity.

CAUSES OF EPILEPSY DEPENDING ON AGE AT ONSET OF FIRST SEIZURES

SYMPTOMS OF EPILEPSY

A convulsion with no temperature or fever.
Short spells of blackout, or confused memory.
Intermittent fainting spells, during which bowel or bladder control is lost. This is frequently followed by extreme tiredness.
For a short period the person is unresponsive to instructions or questions.
The person becomes stiff, suddenly, for no obvious reason
The person suddenly falls for no clear reason
Sudden bouts of chewing, without any apparent reason
Repetitive movements that seem inappropriate
The person becomes fearful for no apparent reason, he/she may even panic or become angry
Peculiar changes in senses, such as smell, touch and sound
The arms, legs, or body jerk, in babies these will appear as cluster of rapid jerking movements.

INVESTIGATIONS

Electroencephalogram (EEG) – it shows the abnormalities in the electric activities of the brain
Computerized tomography  – It helps to make an aetiological diagnosis in several cases.
Magnetic resonance (MR) – may detect lesions that are missed by CT or provide more details about them.

MANAGEMENT

Care of patient during seizures

Move patient to place of safety (away from fire, water, machinery).
Do not try to forcibly introduce a gag or tightly rolled handkerchief once convulsions have started.
Do not use metallic or plastic objects.
Do not hold the patient down during seizures.
After seizure is over, keep the patient in semiprone position. Ensure patent airway and proper oxygenation.
With continued convulsions, hospitalise the patient.
Don’t drink alcohol, use illegal drugs, or smoke.
Protect your head with a helmet during any sport or activity that could result in a head injury.
Get plenty of sleep every night.
Find healthy ways to cope with stress.

HOMOEOPATHIC TYREATMENT

Epilepsy can be effectively cured with the Homeopathic mode of treatment. The natural Homeopathic treatment for epilepsy is very beneficial for the treatment of acute fits as well as in eliminating the tendency to have seizures.

ADENOIDS

The adenoids are a mass of soft tissue behind the nasal cavity. Like lymph nodes, adenoids are part of the immune system and are made of the same type of tissue

ENLARGED ADENOIDS

Infections can cause the adenoids to become swollen. The adenoids may stay enlarged even when you are not sick.

SYMPTOMS OF ENLARGED ADENOIDS

difficulty breathing through the nose – breathing through the mouth
talking as if the nostrils are pinched
noisy breathing, snoring
stopped breathing for a few seconds during sleep (obstructive sleep apnea)
frequent “sinus” symptoms
ongoing middle ear infections or middle ear fluid in a school-aged child
cracked lips and dry mouth (from breathing problems)
Airway obstruction.
ENLARGED adenoid are a major cause of upper airway obstruction in children. Airway obstruction in children is typically manifested in sleep-disordered breathing, including obstructive sleep apnea, obstructive sleep hypopnea, and upper airway resistance syndrome

Adenoiditis
Adenoiditis can be caused by a bacterial infection, such as infection with the bacteria Streptococcus. It can also be caused by a number of viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus, adenovirus, and rhinovirus
Symptoms of adenoiditis can vary depending on what is causing the infection.
sore throat
stuffy nose, swollen glands in the neck
ear pain and other ear problems.

COMPLICATIONS OF ADENOIDITIS?

Ear Infections,
Glue Ear
Sinus Problems (Sinusitis)
Infections of the Chest

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT

The swelling and the enlargement of the adenoids can be removed or should one say, cured completely with Homoeopathy. Homoeopathic medicines cure infections completely and the size of the adenoids comes down to its normal self. Homeopathic medicines not only cure the infection but also help in improving the immunity of the child. This helps the child in fighting all sorts of infections and allows the child to grow properly