MASTOIDITIS
Mastoiditis is an inflammation of mastoid process (bone), the portion of the temporal bone of the skull that is behind the ear. Mastoid process contains open, air-containing spaces. Mastoiditis used to be a leading cause of child mortality.
Mastoiditis can be acute, chronic or recurrent.
CAUSES
Mastoiditis usually occurs following an untreated middle ear infection. Bacteria from the middle ear can spread to the inner ear, infecting the mastoid cells of the mastoid bone.
Cholesteatoma can also cause mastoiditis. This is an abnormal collection of skin cells inside the ear which may prevent the ear draining properly, leading to infection
SYMPTOMS
The symptoms of mastoiditis are similar to those of an ear infection. They include:
- drainage from the affected ear pain
- fever
- headache
- hearing loss in the affected ear
- redness, swelling, and tenderness behind the affected ear
- Fever, may be high or suddenly increase
In some cases, mastoiditis may result in the development of a brain abscess or other complications involving the skull. The symptoms of these conditions include severe headaches and swelling behind the eyes. This swelling is known as papilledema.
It is best diagnosed clinically with the help of detail history and physical examination. CT scan, MRI and X-ray help to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the extent of disease.
HOMEOPATHIC TREATMENT:
Homeopathic medicines help to treat the acute infection as well as the chronic and recurring infections. However, chronic and recurring Mastoiditis finds excellent treatment using homeopathy. Medicines are chosen based on some symptoms similarity, ie., constitutional approach, extent of pathology and investigational findings. Some of the commonly indicated medicines are Mercurious solubus, Mercurious-iodum flavum and rubrum, Asafetida, Kali iodum, Pulsatilla nigra, Tuberculinum, etc. Homeopathy is strongly recommended in all chronic cases of Mastoiditis.
ACUTE SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA (ASOM)
Acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM) is inflammation of the middle ear cleft due to bacterial infection.
CAUSES:
It is most common in children between the age of 3 to 7. Such infants have a short, wide, more horizonally placed eustachian tube than adults, allowing contamination from the regurgitation of feed. Poor sanitation, over-crowding and malnutrition are all risk factors in children. Risk factors in all age groups include recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis, chest disease and eustachian tube dysfunction (hypertrophy of the adenoids, cleft palate).
ASOM is a bacterial disease caused by pus forming organisms. Common organisms include: Beta haemolytic streptococcus (40%), Haemophilus influenzae (30%), Moraxella catarrhalis (10%).
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- Deafness – a conductive hearing loss which progresses
- Pain – due to accumulation of pus and pressure necrosis of the tympanic membrane
- Otorrhoea – occurs after episodes of pain, and is due to perforation of the tympanic membrane and release of pus
- Pyrexia – children are typically fretful with a high (>39 degrees c) pyrexia
- Tympanic membrane – is initially dull, and then becomes hyperaemic. Eventually becomes full, angry and red, and finally perforates if unresolved
HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
Acute Suppurative Otitis Media is being an inflammatory condition is easily curable by Homoeopathy. It considers the symptoms peculiar to the individual rather than the common symptoms of a case. A medicine capable of producing the peculiar symptoms as well as the pathology in a healthy individual is used for the prescription. It can bring a harmonious cure. Remedies like Pulsatilla, Hepar Sulph, Kali Mur are commonly found beneficial in the treatment of ASOM.
CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA (CSOM)
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is middle ear inflammation of greater than two weeks that results in episodes of discharge from the ear. It is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity. It may be a complication of acute otitis media. Pain is rarely present. Clinical features are recurrent otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation, with conductive hearing loss of varying severity.
Risc factors include recurrent attack of acute otitis media (AOM), Living in crowded condition, Attending daycare and Craniofacial anomalies like cleft lip or palate, Down’s syndrome, cri du chat syndrome, choanal atresia and microcephaly.
SYMPTOMS
- CSOM presents with a chronically draining ear (>2 weeks), with a possible history of recurrent AOM, traumatic perforation, or insertion of grommets.
- The otorrhea should occur without otalgia or fever.
- Fever, vertigo and otalgia should prompt urgent referral to exclude intratemporal or intracranial complications.
- Hearing loss is common in the affected ear. Ask about the impact of this on speech development, school or work. Mixed hearing loss (conductive and sensorineural) suggests extensive disease.
SIGNS
- The external auditory canal may possibly be oedematous but is not usually tender.
- The discharge varies from fetid, purulent and cheese-like to clear and serous.
- Granulation tissue is often seen in the medial canal or middle ear space.
- The middle ear mucosa seen through the perforation may be oedematous or even polypoid, pale, or erythematous.
HOMOEOPATHIC APPROACH
Many homeopathic medicines are used to successfully remove the recurrence of otitis media. Homeopathy cure can boost up the immune system and successfully prevent and treat various infections, leading to stronger and healthier individuals who do not get severely or recurrently ill.
MENIERE’S DISEASE
Meniere’s disease (MD) is a disorder of the inner ear that is characterized by episodes of feeling like the world is spinning (vertigo), ringing in the ears (tinnitus), hearing loss, and a fullness in the ear. Typically only one ear is affected, at least initially; however, over time both ears may become involved. Episodes generally last from 20 minutes to a few hours. The time between episodes varies. The hearing loss and ringing in the ears may become constant over time.
The cause of Ménière’s disease is unclear but likely involves both genetic and environmental factors.
Symptoms are believed to occur as the result of increased fluid build up in the labyrinth of the inner ear. Diagnosis is based on the symptoms and frequently a hearing test.
It affects between 0.3 and 1.9 per 1,000 people. It most often starts in the 40s to 60s. Females are more commonly affected than males.
SYMPTOMS
Signs and symptoms of Meniere’s disease include:
- Recurring episodes of vertigo. You have a spinning sensation that starts and stops spontaneously. Episodes of vertigo occur without warning and usually last 20 minutes to several hours, but not more than 24 hours. Severe vertigo can cause nausea and vomiting and sweating.
- Hearing loss. Hearing loss in Meniere’s disease may come and go, particularly early on. Eventually, most people have some permanent hearing loss.
- Ringing in the ear (tinnitus). Tinnitus is the perception of a ringing, buzzing, roaring, whistling or hissing sound in your ear.
- Feeling of fullness in the ear. People with Meniere’s disease often feel pressure in the affected ears (aural fullness) or on the side of their heads.
- headaches
- a sensation of being pushed sharply to the floor from behind.
- Sudden falls without loss of consciousness (drop attacks) may be experienced by some people.
After an episode, signs and symptoms improve and might disappear entirely. Episodes can occur weeks to years apart.
HOMOEOPATHIC MANAGEMENT
Homoeopathic treatment is strongly recommended in the treatment of Menier’s Disease. Homoeopathy provides a holistic approach to every disease and we try to find an individual remedy for each case. A detailed case analysis includes the general physical and mental constitutional make-up of the patient plus the symptoms in the sexual sphere and the underlying cause that is hindering the fertility process and needs to be corrected. Homoeopathic medicines Harmoniously brings the cure without any side effect. It is not merely a symptom relieved. When the disease process steps back symptoms are also relieved. This is made possible through stimulating the body’s healing power.